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GEO/ICAE
VOICES RISING
YEAR V - Nº221
May, 19, 2007
Content
1.- IALLA III 2007
2.- ADULT LEARNING, DEVELOPMENT
COOPERATION AND INTERNATIONAL SOLIDARITY
3.- INTERNATIONAL MEETING IN URUGUAY-
GCAP Extends Action until 2015
4.- AFRICA TELLS SUMMIT TO INCREASE
ECONOMIC COOPERATION – G8 ASKED TO KEEP ITS PROMISES
5.- UGANDA: Women Petition Court to
Outlaw FGM
6.- CHALLENGING THE IMF ON EDUCATION:
WHY CAPS ON TEACHERS NEED TO BE LIFTED
7. - LIFELONG LEARNING: CONTINUOUS
EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
8. - UNESCO International Literacy
Prizes 2007
1.- IALLA III 2007
(French bellow - Francais cidessous)
The International Council for Adult Education (ICAE) is pleased to announce
its third edition of the Academy of Lifelong Learning Advocacy that will be
held in Montevideo, Uruguay, from September 24 to October 12, 2007.
The Call for Applications, Application Form and Proposal: www.icae.org.uy
Deadline to apply is June 30, 2007. Documentation must be sent to: icaeialla@gmail.com
Please distribute widely.
E-mail: secretariat@icae.org.uy
www.icae.org.uy
FRENCH
Le Conseil International d'Éducation des Adultes a le plaisir d'annoncer la
troisième édition de son cours de formation en défense des droits pour
l'apprentissage tout au long de la vie (ICAE Academy of Lifelong Learning
Advocacy - IALLA), qui aura lieu à Montevideo, Uruguay, du 24 septembre au
12 octobre, 2007.
Veuillez trouver ci-joint l'appel, le formulaire et la proposition (www.icae.org.uy)
.
La date limite pour se présenter est le 30 juin 2007.
Veuillez envoyer les renseignements à: icaeialla@gmail.com
Merci d'en donner la plus ample diffusion.
2. - ADULT
LEARNING, DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION AND INTERNATIONAL SOLIDARITY
On Wednesday 23 May, in Copenhagen, Denmark, there was a joint meeting of
the Nordic development aid and cooperation agencies, the Nordic umbrellas
for adult learning and ICAE.
Early in the year, in January, the Nordic umbrellas had met in Tallinn to
discuss the work of adult education in relation to international solidarity
and sustainable development. As a result of that meeting they issued a
statement in which they highlighted the fact that the struggle against
poverty and the threats to the global environment are among the most serious
issues faced by humanity today. They analysed the challenges that this
situation poses to AE and to the Nordic organisations in particular as well
as the role that ICAE, as a global AE network, can play. In that statement
they also called for a meeting to take place in Spring 2007 with the
participation of the Nordic aid agencies, the AE organisations from the
region and ICAE to debate around education and learning as strategic tools
for development.
The meeting was attended by funding agencies and umbrella bodies from all
Nordic countries with the exception of Finland, plus representatives from
ICAE. There were several presentations around the following topics:
- The work of the AE Associations and international solidarity
- ICAE´s perspective: role, contribution, cooperation
- The context of cooperation assistance to AE
- Preparation towards Confintea VI in Brazil 2009.
There was an exchange around common discussions and strategies and although
the meeting did not aim at arriving to conclusions, some major issues were
identified as central in the debate around AE and its contributions towards
sustainable development and also in relation to the work of the Nordic
umbrellas:
- AE is a central tool for the achievement of the MDGs.
- AE is interlinked with many of the current social challenges and it should
be seen as an instrument towards their implementation (peace, democracy,
gender equality, poverty eradication, among others). There is a need to
provide research evidence on this respect.
- The Nordic umbrellas should strengthen their articulation and increase
their international work with the support of ICAE, the global network they
all belong to.
- It is very important for the Nordic umbrellas to have funding in order to
implement their work nationally, regionally and internationally.
- It is also important to have a consolidated global network that provides
support and strengthens the advocacy capacity.
- The centrality of Confintea and the need for all AE role-players to be
actively involved in the preparatory process were highlighted.
- Funding alternatives must be looked at creatively so as to ensure the
quality implementation of AE.
Ana Agostino
ICAE
3. - INTERNATIONAL
MEETING IN URUGUAY - GCAP Extends Action until 2015
Montevideo/Diana Cariboni (IPS)
© 2007 IPS-Inter Press Service
www.ipsterraviva.net terraviva@ips.org
http://ipsterraviva.net/tv/civicus2007/pdf/TVGL07-01.pdf
The Global Call to Action against Poverty (GCAP) made a commitment in
Uruguay earlier this month to extend their campaign until 2015, and to
emphasise the structural causes that determine that over one billion people
in the world are living in extreme poverty.
GCAP was launched in 2005, at the World Social Forum in Porto Alegre, Brazil,
as a one year project, after which it was extended for another year, to
2007.
Now its component organisations have committed themselves to continuing the
campaign until the 2015 deadline established by United Nations member
countries to halve the proportion of people living in extreme poverty and
suffering from hunger, from 1990 levels.
That is the first of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) adopted
by the international community in 2000, which include commitments to
specific targets to improve health, education, gender equality, the
environment and sustainable development.
Roots of poverty
At the international meeting that brought together 150 leading activists in
the Uruguayan capital, GCAP decided to “highlight the causes of poverty,
with a particular emphasis on the groups specifically affected by social
exclusion,” such as women, indigenous peoples and other sectors that suffer
discrimination, Ana Agostino, a member of the GCAP International
Facilitation Group, told IPS.
The need for this focus was stressed by Latin American and Caribbean
organisations, with the support of the Asia Group and women’s organisations,
said Agostino, a member of GCAP’s Feminist Task Force.
“There was an intense debate on whether or not to include sexual orientation
when referring to excluded groups, because GCAP is characterised by great
diversity,” with hundreds of non-governmental organisations and social
movements from around the world, said Agostino.
Religious associations were opposed to including sexual orientation, and in
the end the activists agreed to not specifically mention the question with
respect to concrete measures and actions, which will be left up to each
country to decide.
Stand Up and Speak Out
In 2006, GCAP and the U.N. Millennium Campaign promoted an initiative called
“Stand Up Against Poverty”, in which 23.5 million people around the world
“stood up” on Oct. 17, the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty
and made the Guinness Book of World Records. In 2007 they hope to mobilize
50 million people, under the slogan “Stand Up and Speak Out”. The “Stand Up”
action in 2006 had little impact in Latin America. One of the reasons,
according to activists consulted at the time by IPS, was that the region’s
own priorities and agenda were not sufficiently taken into account. In some
countries, “nothing happened; it basically passed unnoticed,” said Agostino.
This year, the aim is for each country and region to adopt their own
“political messages” to promote participation in the coordinated Oct. 17
activities, among other measures aimed at increasing visibility of the event,
said the activist. The Latin American and Caribbean national coalitions and
networks in GCAP said in San Salvador on Apr. 13 that the campaign should
promote a view of poverty eradication based on justice, not charity. This
should involve not handouts for the poor, but ensuring the conditions for
the full enjoyment of civil rights, without discrimination of any kind, said
the activists meeting in the Salvadoran capital.
Political strategy
The future of GCAP will only be sustainable if there is clarity about its
political objective, which should be the basis for developing its strategies,
and if mechanisms are adopted to democratise the way it works and make
decision- making transparent, said the San Salvador statement.
The conference in Montevideo ended with the participants “in high spirits,”
and with a “strong sense of reaffirmation of the validity of their campaign,”
said Agostino.
The activists decided to maintain their decision not to “institutionalise”
the coalition and to meet every three years, until 2015, to assess the
progress of their actions against poverty. GCAP achieved peak visibility in
2005, when it devoted its energies to extracting concrete commitments from
the Group of Eight (G8) most powerful countries in the world, at their
meeting in Scotland that year.
Although the G8 promised on that occasion to increase aid to developing
countries by up to 50 billion dollars by 2010, in fact development aid from
rich countries fell by five percent in 2006, according to a report by the
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) which was
published in April.
GCAP - MONTEVIDEO DECLARATION www.icae.org.uy
4. - AFRICA TELLS
SUMMIT TO INCREASE ECONOMIC COOPERATION – G8 ASKED TO KEEP ITS PROMISES
Berlin/Julio Godoy (IPS)
TIERRA VIVA
http://ipsterraviva.net/tv/civicus2007/pdf/TVGL07-01.pdf
© 2007 IPS-Inter Press Service
www.ipsterraviva.net terraviva@ips.org
Only a couple of weeks before this year’s summit of the group of the eight
most industrialized countries (G8), Africa and its immense needs are again
the theme of the day.
Niger Prime Minister Hama Amadou and Togo Prime Minister Yawovi Agboyibo
were in Berlin earlier this month to present their demands on economic
cooperation with the G8. They had support. University professors, musicians,
philosophers, church representatives and political leaders from numerous
countries also gathered in Berlin to discuss ways of supporting African
people to deal with their social and economic challenges.
On June 6-8, the heads of government of Britain, Canada, France, Germany,
Italy, Japan, Russia and the United States will meet in the German seaside
resort Heiligendamm by the Baltic Sea. As with the G8 summits over the last
couple of years, the G8 agenda this year includes a special summit on Africa.
“Attention will also be focused on urgent problems in Africa relating to
economic development, poverty reduction and the fight against HIV/AIDS,” an
official note on the summit said.
Just words
But such promises, repeated by G8 leaders for years now, only draw
scepticism among development experts and non-governmental organisations.
Catholic bishops from African and European countries came together in Berlin
at the beginning of May to declare they were “disappointed” by the “lack of
progress” by G8 countries towards the development aid targets set at the G8
summit in Gleneagles, Scotland, in 2005.
This lack of progress is most visible in official development assistance
(ODA) which fell 5.1 percent in 2006, according to the Organisation for
Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), a group of 30 rich nations.
According to the OECD report, aid to sub-Saharan Africa increased only two
percent, excluding debt relief for Nigeria. This meager growth contrasts
with the tall promises the G8 leaders made in their 2005 summit at
Gleneagles of doubling aid to Africa by 2010.
Gross inequalities
The bishops called on the G8 to commit themselves again to reaching the
target of 0.7 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) for development aid by
2015, one of the UN targets towards meeting the Millennium Development Goals.
These goals, primarily to reduce poverty and promote health and education,
were agreed by world leaders in 2000. “We see wealth and material fortune at
the same time as abject poverty,” German bishops said in a joint statement.
“While the number of millionaires and billionaires is growing fast in some
parts of the world, the numbers of the extreme poor remain stubbornly high.”
Laurent Monsengwo, the archbishop of Kisangani, a diocese in the Democratic
Republic of Congo, called on G8 leaders to “realise that there has been a
globalisation of economic growth and therefore that there needs to be a
globalisation of charity and responsibility”. Former rock musician Bob
Geldof made a similar plea at a meeting in Berlin. Geldof, who launched a
campaign for fighting famine in Africa with a series of rock concerts in the
early 1980s, has been campaigning ever since to raise financial resources to
support development policies in Africa.
“If anything works, it’s development aid,” Geldof said at an ‘Intellectual
Live 8’ conference. Geldof also demanded that Germany, as host country,
achieve the target of 0.7 percent of GDP for development aid.
“There’s no lack of money, there’s a lack of thought,” Geldof said.
‘Intellectual Live 8’ presented eight policy measures to support Africa.
These proposals range from unilaterally opening European and North American
markets to agricultural products from Africa, to financially supporting
African agriculture, health and education, especially for girls and women,
and building infrastructure in major cities, especially water supply,
treatment and sewage.
Hunting resources
Officially, G8 is taking all these subjects into consideration this year.
But German officials have not concealed the fact that the G8 interest in
Africa focuses also on the abundant natural resources on the continent, and
the progress of emerging developing countries such as India and China in
tapping such resources.
African-Chinese trade has grown fivefold since 2000 to reach 50 billion
dollars in 2006. Chinese investment has risen since 2000 to more than 5.5
billion dollars in 43 African countries, making China Africa’s third-largest
economic partner, only behind the United States and France.
Such growth led German Chancellor Angela Merkel to declare that Europe
“should not leave the commitment to Africa to the People’s Republic of
China”. “We must take a stand in Africa,” Merkel told a conference on urban
development in Berlin late last year, less than a week after an
African-Chinese business and political summit in Beijing. “It is obvious
that access to natural resources, such as oil and cobalt, makes
Africa interesting for Germany and Europe,” German development expert Torben
Ehlers told IPS. “And also, that the massive investment from China, India,
Iran and other Asian countries puts pressure upon the West to re-establish
hegemonic control upon this access.”
5. -
UGANDA: Women Petition Court to Outlaw FGM
Womens United Nations Report Network WUNRN_ListServe@LISTS.WUNRN.COM
WUNRN
http://www.wunrn.com http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=71867
Many girls in Uganda are subjected to female genital mutilation. A group of
rights activitists is calling for the practice to be made illegal.
KAMPALA, 30 April 2007 (IRIN) - Women’s rights activists in Uganda have
petitioned the Constitutional Court demanding that female genital mutilation
(FGM), practised by several communities in the east of the country, be
declared illegal.
"We are seeking a court declaration that the practice is unconstitutional;
it is cruel, inhuman and degrading," said Dora Byamukama, a member of the
East Africa Legislative Assembly and one of the campaigners against FGM in
Uganda.
The activists, who have formed a group known as Law and Advocacy for Women
in Uganda, earlier in April succeeded in having the Constitutional Court
abrogate the country's law on adultery on the grounds that it made marital
infidelity an offence only when committed by women while seemingly condoning
it when men were involved.
Gertrude Kulany, a former member of parliament, said FGM was practised in
Kapchorwa, Bukwo, Bugiri, Nakapiripirit and Moroto districts.
"I am one of the few who were lucky and escaped the practice, but most of my
contemporaries went through it because whichever girl in the village attains
puberty is initiated into womanhood through circumcision," said Kulany.
"Those who refuse are tormented as their in-laws despise them because they
are not circumcised."
A lawyer for the women, Ladislaus Rwakafuzi, said FGM denied its victims
human dignity, which is guaranteed under the country's constitution.
Beatrice Chelengat, programme manager of an FGM awareness campaign sponsored
by the United Nations Population Fund in the eastern Kapchorwa district,
said 647 women aged between 11 and 31 were subjected to FGM in 2002 out of
an estimated 13,000 females in that age group. The figures for 2004 and 2006
were 595 and 426 respectively, she said, adding that anti-FGM campaigns in
the area were bearing fruit.
FGM involves the cutting and/or removal of the clitoris and other vaginal
tissue, often under unsanitary conditions. It is practised in at least 28
countries globally. The UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) estimates that up to 140
million girls and women around the world have undergone some form of FGM.
It is practised extensively in Africa, and also in parts of the Middle East
and among immigrant communities around the world. According to medical
experts, it causes physical and psychological complications, as well as
heightening the risk of HIV/AIDS when unsterilised instruments are used.
At least 16 African countries have banned the practice, and the Maputo
Protocol, an African regional document that prohibits and condemns FGM, came
into force in November 2005.
6. - CHALLENGING
THE IMF ON EDUCATION: WHY CAPS ON TEACHERS NEED TO BE LIFTED
David Archer, Head of International Education at ActionAid, looks at how the
IMF has contributed to teacher shortages in developing countries.
UNESCO estimates that 18 million new teachers are needed globally between
now and 2015 to get all children into school in more or less acceptable
class sizes (of no more than 40 children to 1 teacher). At least 2.4 million
new teachers will be needed in sub-Saharan Africa. It is clear that massive
new investments need to be made. But it is equally clear that this growth in
spending is unlikely to be achieved according to new research by ActionAid:
'Confronting the Contradictions: The IMF Wage Bill Caps and the Case for
Teachers'.
This research shows that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) imposes
conditions on the public sector wage bill (through which teachers are paid),
particularly across Sub Saharan Africa. In many countries where the IMF does
not impose a direct ceiling on the wage bill, its' targeting of single-digit
inflation rates and low fiscal deficit levels, still effectively limits the
size of the government budget, including the budget for teachers.
Governments feel they cannot ignore the IMF advice - because the IMF's
judgement on the stability of countries has a dramatic impact on their
capacity to attract foreign investment and aid.
Despite compelling evidence that education is one of the soundest long term
economic investments a country can make, the IMF regards spending on
education simply as 'consumption', not as a 'productive investment'. As
such, education spending, especially on wages, is always something to be
curtailed.
The ActionAid research asks whether, in setting these wage bill caps, the
IMF and ministries of finance take into consideration rising enrolment rates
in primary and secondary schools. Do the caps factor in the education goals
that the country has committed itself to? Is there any consultation with
ministries of education? It seems not.
'Confronting the Contradictions' is based on detailed case studies in
Mozambique, Malawi and Sierra Leone. In Malawi the average class size is 72
children per teacher and to achieve its goals the government would have to
more than double the teaching workforce - but this is impossible under
present IMF conditions. In Sierra Leone, a post-conflict country, the
government has agreed to such restrictive macro-economic targets that it
will not be able to recruit urgently needed teachers to get all children
into school. In Mozambique the government and donors successfully challenged
the IMF to raise the wage ceiling - but this still falls short of real
needs.
The impact of IMF constraints on wage bills is felt acutely by countries
that experience rising enrolments owing to population growth or the
abolition of user fees. When Kenya removed user fees in 2003, over 1.3
million children enrolled in school for the first time, but the government
was not allowed to employ any more teachers owing to an IMF cap imposed
since 1997. Class sizes rose and the quality of education plummeted.
This report argues that governments and national parliaments, not the IMF,
are best placed to determine whether to set public sector wage bill
ceilings. The level of these ceilings should be based on the achievement of
education goals. To achieve this it calls for the following:
* The IMF should stop attaching specific policy conditions to their lending
and surveillance programmes, including on inflation levels, fiscal deficits
and wage bills. Any advice they give must provide a range of policy options
to enable governments to make informed choices about macroeconomic policies,
wage bills and the level of social spending.
* Governments should develop long-term education plans detailing the actual
need for teachers to provide quality-learning outcomes for all children.
* Donors need to keep their promises by committing to increased and
predictable aid over the long term - this is particularly important for
education where aid needs to be spend on recruiting new teachers. This aid
needs to be front-loaded as it is needed now if all children are to complete
primary schooling by 2015.
* Civil society organisations need to develop their own economic literacy so
they can better scrutinise government budgets, increase the sensitivity of
budgets to the needs of girls, poor people and other excluded groups, and
engage in discussions about alternative macroeconomic policies.
David Archer
Further Information
Head of International Education
ActionAid International
Hamlyn House
MacDonald Road
Archway
London N19 5PG, UK
ActionAid <http://www.actionaid.org/>
Email: david.archer@actionaid.org
See also
'Confronting the Contradictions: the IMF, Wage Bill Caps and the Case for
teachers <http://www.actionaid.org/assets/pdf%5C1%20%20CONFRONTING%20THE%
20CONTRADICTIONS%20E-VERSION.pdf> ',
ActionAid, April 2007 (PDF)
May 2007
Comment on this viewpoint by emailing id21viewpoints@ids.ac.uk
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7. - LIFELONG
LEARNING: CONTINUOUS EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Leningrad State University n.a. A.S.Pushkin
St.-Petersburg, June 3-6, 2007
EAEA EVENTS
http://www.eaea.org/events.php?aid=13309
The conference is supported by: UNESCO-Russia, Nordic Council of Ministers (Information
office in St.-Petersburg), the Russian Academy of Education, the World
Academy of Production Science.
Aim
This conference aims at creating an international forum for university
research and for the interface between research and development in the field
of continuous education for sustainable development as well as at forming
the network of educational institutions and research centers for discussing
the role and place of continuous education in the general strategy of
sustainable development.
Researchers, developers and policy-makers have over the last four years met
and exchanged research and development results in a continuously expanding
network. The 5th international conference is pushing the agenda further
ahead and welcomes new participants. Conference research papers are
published in the conference proceedings in English and Russian and
distributed to a wide audience in more than 20 countries.
Organisation Committee
Chairperson: Vyacheslav N. Skvortsov, Rector, Leningrad State University
n.a. A.S.Pushkin;
Co-chairperson: Arne Carlsen, Vice-Rector for Internationalisation, Danish
University of Education;
Co-chairperson Uzokboy Begimkulov, Rector, Tashkent State Pedagogical
University n.a. Nizami;
Co-chairperson Nikolay A. Lobanov, Director, Research Institute of
Socio-Economic and Pedagogical Problems, Leningrad State University n.a.
A.S.Pushkin;
Secretary: Marina Yu. Kormilitsina, researcher, the Research Institute of
Socio-Economic and Pedagogical Problems of the Leningrad State University
n.a. A.S.Pushkin;
Secretary: Olga G. Madison, researcher, the Research Institute of
Socio-Economic and Pedagogical Problems of the Leningrad State University
n.a. A.S.Pushkin; co-chairperson of "Keep St.-Petersburg Tidy" NGO.
Working languages
Russian and English. Translation is provided
Financing
The Conference is partly financed by the Nordic Council of Ministers through
a Nordplus Neighbour programme grant to the international project
"Networking for Planning the Courses in Education for Sustainable
Development".
Participation fee: 120 Euro.
This fee covers conference materials, folder, coffee breaks and lunches
during the conference as well as welcome dinner. The fee should be paid upon
invoicing by bank transfer or on arrival in cash.
For more information: http://www.eaea.org/events.php?aid=13309
8. - UNESCO
International Literacy Prizes 2007
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/ulis/circulars/2007/CL-3813-Eng.pdf
Sir/Madam,
As you are aware, the UNESCO International Literacy Prizes are awarded every
year in recognition of excellence and inspiring experiences in the field of
literacy throughout the world. UNESCO began the practice of awarding
literacy prizes in 1966 and continues to consider them an important means
through which the Organization recognizes the outstanding contribution of
institutions and individuals to Literacy for All. The prizes also serve as
an encouragement to all partners to pay greater attention to literacy.
UNESCO, through the mandate bestowed by the United Nations General Assembly,
is the lead agency for the coordination of the United Nations Literacy
Decade (UNLD). The thematic focus of the biennium 2007-2008 within the UNLD
is “Literacy and Health”. Please note that 2007 will focus particularly on
literacy and its links with general health care, nutrition, family and
reproductive health and health-related community development, whereas 2008
will put a strong emphasis on literacy work in relation to epidemics.
I am pleased to draw your attention to the three UNESCO International
Literacy Prizes for 2007 which are: the International Reading Association
Prize (1), the King Sejong Prizes (2) and the Confucius Prizes (2).
In line with the current biennial theme of the UNLD, this year’s prizes will
focus on “literacy and health”, and in particular, on the specific emphasis
for 2007. At the same time, note should be taken that the King Sejong Prizes
give special consideration to the creation, development and dissemination of
mother tongue languages in developing countries, while the Confucius Prizes
aim at rewarding outstanding activities in the field of literacy for rural
adults and out-of-school youth, particularly women and girls. Candidatures
for the 2007 Prizes should address both the designated theme and the
criteria pertaining to specific prizes where such criteria exist.
With regard to the 2007 Prizes, I have pleasure in inviting your Government
to present a maximum of two candidatures to the UNESCO International
Literacy Prizes Secretariat.
Please find enclosed the International Literacy Prizes Guide which sets out
carefully the rules and regulations that must be followed for the submission
of candidatures.
Nomination files should reach the Secretariat no later than 15 June 2007.
Nomination files should be forwarded in hard copy and, if possible, by
electronic copy to the United Nations Literacy Decade Unit, Division for the
Coordination of United Nations Priorities in Education (tel.: +33 1 45 680
952/990; fax: +33 1 45 68 56 26/27; e-mail: literacyprizes@unesco.org ),
which will be happy to provide you with any further information you may
need.
Accept, Sir/Madam, the assurances of my highest consideration.
Koïchiro Matsuura
Director-General
Ref.: CL/3813
Encl: UNESCO International Literacy Prizes – A guide
cc: Permanent Delegations to UNESCO
National Commissions for UNESCO
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