CAE
Paving the way towards ICAE World Assembly in Nairobi, 2007
Virtual Seminar
March 6 - 24, 2006

Welcome to ICAE Virtual Seminar: Paving the way towards ICAE World
Assembly in Nairobi, 2007 that is starting today,
March 6 and ending on March 24.
Through this virtual Seminar we intend to provide a participation space
with relation the preparatory process of ICAE World Assembly and the
definition of strategic and organizational aspects. At the same time, we
want to promote the reflection on global networks, their functions and
challenges in the present global context, incorporating new perspectives,
experiences and lessons learnt, as part of this preparatory process and as
a new step for the renewal of ICAE.
Programme
Session 1: March 6 - 10
Session 2: March 13 - 17
Contributions from the Executive Council, regional and national members
ICAE
what’s in it for me? By Sturla Bjerkaker,
Inputs by Prakash Bhattarai
My comments from my
experiences in JAPSE
Summary of the expectations and visions for ICAE towards 2009. (The
systematization of this session could give place to a 2nd.
virtual seminar)
Session 3: March 20 - 24
Exchange of proposals on:
Definition of a “Slogan” for the Assembly
Thematic lines to be dealt with in depth at the Assembly.
Issues / work guidelines
Creation of commissions for the organization of the Assembly
Forced Displacement and its Consequences on
People’s Education
Proposal for the
World Assembly by Nazir Ahmad Ghazi
Proposal for the World Assembly by
Ana Agostino
Proposal for the World Assembly by Gigi Francisco
Inputs
by Babacar Diop Buuba
Inputs
by Marta Benavides
Inputs
by Darlene Clover
Inputs by Joyce Stalker
Proposal for the World Assembly by Budd Hall
Proposal for the
World Assembly by Sturla Bjerkaker
Proposal for the
World Assembly by Joyce Satlker
Proposal by Sofia Valdivielso
Proposal by Inayatullah from Pakistan
Proposal for the World
Assembly by Gigi Francisco
Proposal by Bob Hill
Comment by Dr.
Vida A. Mohorcic Spolar
Paper by Bob Hill
Proposal by Salma
Maoulidi
Proposal by Alejandra
Scampini
Proposal for the World
Assembly by Alan Tuckett
ICAE WORLD ASSEMBLY – 2007: The Future of the Kenyan Adult
Learning Movement
Inputs by Sturla Bjerkaker
Inputs by Astrid Thoner
Message by
Britten Mansson- Wallin
Inputs by Celia
Eccher
Proposal by Joyce Stalker
Inputs by Nolan,
Bob
Message by Sara Longwe
Paper by Ana Laura Rivoir
Closing remarks by Paul Bélanger,
ICAE President
Summary of proposals
Final conclusions
Proposal for the
World Assembly by Joyce Satlker
I would like to support the notion of a pre-meeting on
gender issues. I would like to see an emphasis on the idea of Allies,
alliances, partnerships. Too often these events are attended primarily by
women and it is time to bring in our allies.
In addition, a strength of the ICAE Assemblies has always been their field
trips.
I haven't noticed this being mentioned and I think that they are a gift to
us all. In addition, if each of them had a gender thread within it, we
could ensure that the gender theme is alive throughout the assembly.
Cheers Joyce
Dear all,
We received two new proposals for the slogan of the next World Assembly.
Cecilia Fernandez
Proposal by Sofia
Valdivielso
Dear all, in the last two weeks it has been impossible for me to
participate in our discussion. Today is Saturday and I have little time
to react to
what is going on.
As we are thinking on a slogan for the next assembly I have thought some
that could include the different proposal I have read.
They are:
LEARNING TO LIVE ALL TOGETHER
CONSTRUCTING A WORLD FOR ALL
ONE WORLD, MULTIPLE FACES
GLOBALIZING JUSTICE AND PEACE FOR ALL
For this to be happen we need dialogue, alliance, democracy, global
consciousness, mutual respect, mutual recognition, active global
citizenship, sustainable development, a deep understanding that as human
being we share the same nature, global solidarity, global equity, gender
justice,
diversity, etc.
good luck for all
Sofía Valdivielso
Proposal by
Inayatullah from Pakistan
My first suggestion for the WA theme is: CITIZENS' EDUCATION FOR THE
POST- NINE ELEVEN WORLD
Inayatullah
Proposal for the World
Assembly by Gigi Francisco
I, too, have been inspired by the discussion; thanks to
all who contributed and continue to do so. I think it is good to look back
to 30 years, as Budd suggests and Sturla's possible name and assembly call
are certainly worth considering.
I am not sure if this is late in coming, given that we've had three weeks
of exchanges, but one area where I would certainly be interested in is
lifelong learning in voluntary service and activism. We might not realize
it but too much of development learning and even activism have become
marketized. We need to go back to basic ideas of volunteerism as an
element of actve citizenship. For the upcoming assembly, I can certainly
work with others who might be interested in the same.
cheers, Gigi
Dear all,
we continue to receive proposals for the name of the Assembly, as well
as thematic and organizational ones. We thank you for the enthusiasm
that you have shown for the preparation of the Assembly and we call you
to continue working and generating ideas together.
Thanks to Bob Hill for proposing a new slogan and to Vida Mohorcic
Spolar from Slovenia for sending her opinion in relation to the proposal
sent by Budd Hall.
Cecilia Fernandez
Proposal by
Bob Hill
Greetings!
I'd like to offer a few more to think about:
"ICAE: Many Partners, One Future"
Abrazos!
Bob
Comment by Dr.
Vida A. Mohorcic Spolar
Budd Hall´s proposal is an excellent idea. We do
support it.
Best wishes to all,
Vida A. Mohorcic Spolar
Dr. Vida A. Mohorcic Spolar
Slovenian Institute for Adult Education, directress
Dear all,
We would like to share with you an inspiring closing paper "Notes and
Thoughts" prepared by Bob
Hill that includes 3 weeks of exchange where he presents, among other
things, the following issues: "How
to maintain ICAE as a community of harmonious dissonance" and “How to
build an ICAE global community in the era of globalization".
Enjoy the reading and do not hesitate to send your own synthesis and
conclusions.
Cecilia Fernández
********************
Paper by Bob Hill
Vice President for the North American Region of ICAE
Greetings! I have followed the many important
postings during the past three weeks, and have kept a “journal” of
personal reflections during this time. I had hoped to be more active on-line,
but unfortunately this didn’t happen. Please allow me to offer a few
thoughts at this last minute.
I gave thought to three vital areas that emerged in the conversation.
They surround notions of Content, Structure and Process. A few comments
on each are presented below.
Content. The conversation on content included building an agenda that
would be the heart of ICAE’s “work.” This ranged widely across topics,
such as concern for mobile populations, HIV/AIDS, gender justice,
lesbian/gay/bisexual/transgender and queer rights, the environment,
poverty, and a host of others). There were many great suggestions in
regard to the “content” for our goals. In this regard, Paul Belanger
recommended 4 overarching “themes,” that captured the array of ideas,
and a number of participants concurred with these.
It seems that some contributors expressed, if I read their writing
correctly, the desire for a central platform as part of a unified
organization. I have wrestled with this, asking myself, “Is this an
attainable goal in light of the fact that we experience the world so
differently?” Perhaps at some level it is attainable, e.g., around
human rights, education for all and education for inclusion, resistance
to neoliberal economic and political practices.
In this regard, maybe ICAE will become more fully a “community of
harmonious dissonance” since partners in the community have local foci
and different particularities. In fact, perhaps this is already
happening in some ways. I know of a number of groups (both outside and
inside of ICAE) that have very specific agendas, but that link their
particular cause with the struggles of *all* oppressed people.
The key idea here is that an organization not only works toward making
the world a better place for one group, such as women, or gays, or
disabled persons, or unemployed people, or refugeesbut will at least
offer notional support for *all* marginalized groups. There will be
times when this will not be easy. I think for example of my own work
around sexual orientation and sexual minority rights. I know that a
number of my sisters and brothers who fight for social justice and human
right on behalf of some specific populations, have difficulty supporting
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer people. The question is
how to maintain ICAE as a community of harmonious dissonance if we are
to do what Imelda Arana offers, “combine local autonomy with global
responsibility.” It is within this “community of harmonious dissonance”
that we will also find what Gigi Francisco calls “hybridized discursive
spaces.”
Structure. Words modifying the concept of structure were “flexible,”
“adaptable,” “responsive,” “informal,” “horizontal,” “egalitarian,” and
“speedy.” A “Network” seemed to be the model that fit and toward which
most are advocatingactually, a “network or networks,” to be more
precise. Beyond the insightful discussion on networks, there seemed to
be few concrete ideas exactly how to operationalize the network concept.
This will undoubtedly be an area that those in conversations leading up
to the next World Assembly will be discussing.
As for me, I was inclined during the past weeks to think about the
relationship between technologies (specifically the Internet) and ICAE’s
potential structure. The remarks of Ana Laura, who wrote about the
possibilities offered by information and communication technologies, and
whose logic has reached social organizations, sparked much thinking for
me. The Internet is not only a vehicle for communications, but is also
a model for a structure for ICAE.
Naomi Klein, the Canadian media commentator and anti-corporate activist,
has written about this, saying that the emerging “new social movements”
are not designed from a preset structure but rather coherence is
achieved by skillfully “surfing” the structures that are already in
place. This would make ICAE truly a “Converegnce Center” with
coordinated decentralization. The difficulty will be to balance such
notions as radical and direct democracy, and a decentralized structure,
while constructing and sustaining a collective “we” and a “unified “us.”
Process. A question is “How to build an ICAE global community in the
era of globalization, in the context of new information and
communication technologies; and diverse identities, cultures, and levels
of struggle. It’s about globalizing a radical democracy.
Ximena Machicao Barbery’s comments on networks becoming “corporations
with unalterable individual leaderships, and not as instances that
facilitate participatory and including processes that guarantee the
setting in motion of shared political consensuses” begs this question:
“What processes will ensure that this does not happen?” She also asks
what “would be the most suitable mechanisms for the democratization of
the networks” so that we can “think the world from [the perspective of]
diversity and plurality?”
Jeanine Anderson also raises a process question for me when she writes:
“Networks make it very easy for persons and groups who disagree with
some decision or action simply to drop out. They always have the option
of simply ceasing to communicate.” What course of action will help to
prevent this? As Babacar Diop Buuba suggests, we need to cultivate ways
to “strengthen the capacities of our members.” The comments of
Hortencia Coronel were vital for me to think about how to communicate
among ourselves and to share often, to ask, and to inform. Joyce
Stalker’s question of how to entice younger activists/advocates to
attend the World Assembly in the short term and to develop ICAE’s
networks in the longer term can not wait for 2007! Another related
question is posed by Salma Maoulidi, “How to rejuvenate [an organization’s]
purpose?” My thoughts these past weeks, looking to the future, have
been on how to make roomand perhaps stand out of the way ofyouth.
I was haunted by two particular questions during this time: Inayatullah
asked, “How does a member NGO benefit from the ICAE connection?” And
similarly, Sturla Bjerkaker reminded us that donors will want to know
“What’s in it (the ICAE) for me [the donor]?” The answers to these
questions must be made very explicit! If we can not unambiguously
respond to these fundamental questions, it seems to me that we will be
planting a tree that has no roots in 2007. The World Assembly should
take the time necessary to think about, and then act on these questions.
We need to look specifically at what can make ICAE more attractive to
the major audiences inherent referenced in these questions: members (and
potential members), and donors. What actions must we perform to become
authenticated, and “authorized” to speakas (and for) those whose rights/voices
are not represented in the public sphereso as to be heard?
In the end, I hope that wrestling with Content, Structure and Process at
the World Assembly will yield a revitalized activist project that allows
us to be intricately and firmly interlinked in solidarity to build a
more just world.
I’d like to express my deep thanks and appreciation to those who
participated in the discussions. It has truly given me much top think
about, and raised more questions than answers.
Dear all,
This weekend has been very fruitful and enabled many participants to
catch up with the reading, raising the need to make new contributions,
comments and suggestions. Thus, we believe that it is convenient to give
further space to the seminar and be able to wrap it up with more time.
Therefore, the list shall go on working during this week so that we can
jointly arrive to conclusions, and lay the foundations so that the
preparatory process of the World Assembly continues based on the
reflections and proposals that came up through this seminar.
We will continue sending all the proposals we have received, such as
this interesting reflection sent by Salma from Tanzania.
I would like to thank all of you for your enthusiasm and creative
reflections.
Cecilia Fernandez
*****************
Proposal by Salma
Maoulidi
GEO -Tanzania
I have noted some interesting proposals for themes to
inform the programme of the GA and appreciate the diversity of thought
on what should inform how we name and approach the themes. I want to
echo Joyce’s important point about being strategic in how we construct
the language itself i.e. using more proactive language which hopefully
will allow us to think of possibilities rather than remain in the
problem mold.
I also support Gigi’s suggestion on having a blend of universal themes
as well as regional themes but also want to suggest that it could be by
exploring universal themes through questions we could realize their
relevance to our realities, thereby appreciate the different ways
specific issues/ situations affect us. And while I support an idea of
having regional thematics, I also support the idea of having thematics
that are not just defined by geographical realities but also by say
gender realities, linguistic diversities or generational differences.
In addition I would like to suggest including Governance as a strong
issue related to the idea of social justice, empowerment and
interdependence. I say so because i think other than being concerned
with people’s inability to resist ultra conservative religious forces,
we should also be concerned at our inability to bring to account our
elected officials and government who increasingly work in complicity
with big business to undermine our basic civic and human rights. Perhaps
it can best fit in the theme on democracy and citizenship.
I like the idea of dialogue that is being emphasized in the title but it
should also inform our deliberations in how we actually set up the
sessions. Lastly since we are all indicating a need to revitalize our
thinking and strategies we must not forget giving a space to voices who
think out of the box or innovate models of citizen engagement and
empowerment. Certainly we deserve to be motivated and inspired by the
bold and creative initiatives of others in enforcing and reinforcing the
concept of life long learning and development.
I like the Assembly title Inayyatullah proposed but without the focus on
Nine Eleven since I feel doing so makes it our reference point while in
actual fact many of the challenges we contend with preceded nine eleven,
much as they have been rendered more complex. I propose looking at it
with the bigger challenges that globalization brings to multiple forms
of
justice and human development.
Proposal by Alejandra
Scampini
Women's rights regional coordinator
Action Aid Americas
Dear all
Let me first express congratulations to you all for this initiative and
for keepping a constant rich debate that is really contributing to my
new work in Action Aid in many ways.
I would especially endorse Gigi Francisco's comments on the fact that "development
learning have become marketized". ICAE should then play a key role in
generating information on this, exchaning data on how macroeconomic
policies are effecting the respect and fulfilment of the right of
education and the manners on which education is provided in many
countries today .
Also focusing on positive experience of countries that faced the
challenges and today are providing resources to educate citizens in
spite of IMF and WB pressures, such as the case of Venezuela that
eliminated users fees as we learnt in WSF, Caracas, 2006.
ICAE should think on enriching the knowledge of the group on these
issues and become more involved in spaces such as WTO related events
2006 and IMF and WB annual meetings that will take place in Sept this
year. Linking with GCE and other campaigns such as GCAP is a possibility
since these campaign have included these events in their lobby and
advocacy agendas.
Another challenge the community working on EFA is how the agenda of
education for all is really a goal for the new progressive governments
in latinamerica . I think it would be interesting at the Assembly to
have a meeting with groups working in contexts such as Uruguay, Brazil,
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Venezuela to see the window opportunities
in these new lefties scenarios.
Cheers
Alejandra Scampini
Women's rights regional coordinator
AA Americas
Proposal for the
World Assembly by Alan Tuckett
Director of National Institute of Adult Continuing Education - NIACE
member of ICAE Finance Committee
I am late with my contribution to the
virtual seminar, because as so often local political urgencies get in
the way
Still, before we finish I wanted to say that I think we have to use
Nairobi firstly as a base to operate a wider range of active networks,
drawing on the people who have participated in IALLA, in national and
thematic networks, to ensure that less of the pressure of the
organisation sits on a tiny number of shoulders.
There is a good deal to celebrate since Ocho Rios
We have survived a financial meltdown but only through the generosity of
the secretary-general and the colleagues in REPEM, and the perseverance
of our Norwegian colleagues in pursuing Nordic funding
We have produced impressive evidence monitoring how nation states
implemented, or not, the resolutions agreed at CONFINTEA
We have made a strong link with the World Social Forums
IALLA has been a real innovation and has built practical links between
practitioners across the world
The GEO network thrives
The virtual seminars provide a powerful vehicle for joint strategising
And we have made an input to many world events
More of a challenge for us, it seems to me, has been to foster effective
communication between the regional and national members, apart from
through the GEO network
We still have some way to go to secure a flow of funding to engage a
wide range of members in participative activity that is clearly global
And we have the challenge of creating a way for new participants to
engage and shape our work
So I think one major theme of Nairobi will need to be how we make ICAE a
network that means something to activists engaged in adult learning all
over the world
I think the issues raised in Gigi s contribution how we respond to the
rise of religious fundamentalism, what can we do to problematise the
social relations arising from economic globalisation, locally as well as
globally, how best to use its technologies and how best to reflect on
the learning dimensions of the WSF are all important,
In the north work on the economics of adult learning mapping the impact
on health, civic participation, regeneration of excluded communities are
all important
And importantly I would like to see a focus on migration and adult
learning
That s my shopping list late and a bit of a mixture
Abrazos
Alan T
Dear all,
We would like to share with you the proposal of Magdalene and Solomon
from Kenya for the World Assembly. You will find information about
Kenya Adult Learners' Association in ICAE website, together with the
information of this Virtual Seminar.
Thanks to all of you.
Cecilia Fernandez
*********************
ICAE WORLD ASSEMBLY –
2007: The Future of the Kenyan Adult Learning Movement
Proposal by Magdalene Gathoni
Motsi and Solomon Mburu Kamau
Kenya Adult Learners' Association
ICAE WORLD ASSEMBLY: any significance?
The International Council of Adult Education World
Assembly, 2007, is timely in this context as it sets pace for the
definition, achievements and setbacks of the adult education in the
world. As such, the ICAE World Conference is definitely opening doors
to the learners’ to exchange their views and experiences and set the
precedence for the understanding the theory related to the Adult
education programme.
The holding of the Assembly in Nairobi is an important tool for
seizing the opportunity for showcasing the transition of the adult
education movement in Africa and the world because of:
a. It
will be the turning point for assessing adult education since the last
World Assembly in Ocho Rios, Jamaica in 2001. In this regard, it opens
a greater chance for which the African adult learners’ associations
and networks can initiate the programmes they have undertaken in their
own soil. It will enhance capacities of adult education (including
definition, methodology and purpose. this will again point out the
strategies to enhance and systematically create and promote collective
responsibilities in adult education.
b. The
Millennium Development Goals, Education For All Goals and Literacy
Decade will ‘expire’ on or before 2015. These strategies have been put
in place by the world community in order to enhance the capabilities
of the government, the civil societies and individuals on issues
related to HIV/AIDS, Poverty, Gender Promotion, Education, and
promoting a culture of peace and non-violence. The thematic issues in
which the meeting will focus on including:
I. Violence,
Forced migration and Conflict management.
II. HIV/AIDS
and Health
III. Environment
IV. Struggle
Against Poverty
These themes are important in this because it they are divergent
issues in the modern world and are part of adult education. The
conference is a direct relation in which adult education is a tool for
contextual analysis in addressing the modern issues.
Local ICAE membership can promote these themes as well as the MDGs and
EFA, at all levels with a great need and enthusiasm so as to
understand the concepts from ‘freeing’ the world from the social
bondage.
c. The
Assembly will close the gap between the developed and the developing
world in one forum to articulate critical perspectives with an aim
of understanding the values of adult learners in relationship to their
own world view.
d. The
World Social Forum also planned in January 2007m is an important tool
for devising strategies for promoting social empowerment. This is
regarded to as an important tool for underpinning the global imbalance
of the critical ideals in the global perspective.
CONCLUSION
Therefore, the Kenyan adult education movement sees
these factors as an encouragement since the input of adult learners
will be put in tandem with the globalized world. KALA believes that
the World Assembly and the World Social Forum will integrate the ideas
evolved into actual action with the necessary support from the local
partners and the political good will. The voice of the adult learners
in Africa will be heard once again.
The International Council for Adult Education has been on the
forefront in the support of adult learners all over the world. The
systematic approach is indeed a great leap in the uplifting the
dignity of adult learners who have been sidelined to the periphery
owing to lack of political commitment and interest in the promotion
and support of adult education.
The Kenyan Adult Education will indeed showcase their projected belief
in the struggle against the social injustices which are culminations
of illiteracy.
By
Magdalene Gathoni Motsi
and Solomon Mburu Kamau
INTRODUCTION
The
formation of the Kenya Adult Learners' Association dates back in 1990
which was highly plausible especially in the realm of reviving and
rejuvenation the adult education movement because of the following
significant and recognizable factors:
1.
1990 was
the International Literacy Year which marked a need to initiate a
learners’ network that would capture the needs and rights of adult
learners in
Kenya and put them on the global map.
2.
The 4th
World Assembly of International Council for Adult Education, ICAE was
held in Bangkok, Thailand in the same year and gave Kenyan learners a
strong representation and an opportunity to exchange experiences with
participants from all over the world.
3.
At the
local level, the Kenyan Learners’ Conference was held between 17th
and 18th October 1990 in order to lay strategies for the
formation of KALA as well as the structures fir learners place in the
society.
These
three factors were inspired by the declaration of the International
Task Force on Literacy, ITFL made in December 1988 in
Chantilly France. The declaration contained reasons for the involvement
of learners in literacy interventions and it based its strengths on:
i.
LEARNERS’
NEEDS
Learners
are best placed to know their needs thus can be better placed to seek
solution to their problems.
ii.
LEARNERS’
PARTICIPATION
The
process of participation in literacy is an integral part in the
promotion of adult education hence an increased and enhanced process of
learning.
iii.
LEARNERS’
INVOLVEMENT
In order
to promote adult education, direct learners involvement as the major
target group validates programmes, and increases efficiency and
effectiveness in the initiation, methodology and promotion of education.
Learners’
involvement encourages self-reliance, self-determination, self-dignity
and self-confidence. It also creates possibilities for self-help,
advocacy and movement for social change.
The
formation of KALA by learners themselves was a bold step towards
involving learners in adult literacy interventions in order to serve
learners’ specific interests and diversities in a platform geared
towards giving then an articulation focal point fort he perspectives on
literacy, and to influence policy and implementation of adult education
programmes.
THE
TRANSVERSAL FUTURE: IS IT ACHIEVABLE?
ANALYSIS
The
establishment of the Department of Adult Education in 1979 was a
stepping stone in a commitment the government aimed at improving the
social welfare of the people of Kenya. Unfortunately, the programme
began a gradual decline from the late 1980s and has been continuing. The
decline has mainly being through the ebbing of the national political
will that is known to be driving force for any literacy endeavour. Other
significant factors that have contributed to the decline of the adult
education in Kenya include: -
Drastic decline in the funding;
Allowing illiterates and/or semi-literates into elected
positions which was against a promise at the launching of the programme,
A general loss of interest in the suffering of the
illiterates and the marginalized by those in power, and by extension,
the public at large.
Adult
illiteracy is increasing despite committing enormous resources to
elimination of illiteracy at the basic level. When we talk about
Education For All are we really seriously saying that all people
regardless of age should achieve education when in reality we are
concentrating only on primary school? Where do illiterate adults and
youth fall? Are they not supposed to fit in some form of education
training empowerment? Why have they been neglected yet Kenya’s
illiteracy rate stands at only 4.2 million people? Isn’t this quiet a
simple figure to round it to almost a nought?
The other
major obstacle is the way in which adult education is handled. Currently
it is house in the Ministry of Culture Social Services and Sports
– a rather odd ministry to place an education department! This clearly
shows that the political-will is not considerable of the adult education
sub-sector. When one talks about adult education, the picture that comes
in most people’s frame of mind is old men and women learning to read and
writing using their fingers! Kenya boasts of the oldest learner in the
world - Mzee Maruge, an octogenarian in Eldoret, who wants to be vet!
The problem in this regard has not because there are no adult learners
in our midst, but because there is not a single Department of Adult
Education field officer who has advised Mzee Maruge and his
acquaintances that to be a vet, it takes a lot of years in school. If he
has been advised, then the adviser did it wrongly.
The first
independent government vowed to fight three vices to nation development:
illiteracy, poverty and diseases. Four decades later, they are still
with us not mentioning the HIV/AIDS scourge. Illiteracy, which is the
mother of the two, can be eliminated if there are some seriousness are
involved not just a government department. After all, it is not the
waiter who decides on what a customer to eat!
So where
does the problem lie?
In 1990,
during the formation of KALA, 92.9% male youth were literate as opposed
to 86.7% of females. This totalled to 89.8% of people aged between 15
and 24[i].
In the same period, a total of 473,000 youths were illiterate of which
65% were females. Between 2000 and 2004, 80.7% of the youth females
were literate while 79.8% males were literate. Slightly over 1.3 million
youths were illiterate in the same period of which 49% were females. By
2015, UNESCO projects that 880,000 youths would be illiterate and the
female population from this would be 43%[ii].
By 2015, UNESCO projects that 880,000 youths would be illiterate and the
female population from this would be 43%. This trend has been observed
in the Kenyan education scenario since the 90s. In 2005, for instance,
out of 600,000 pupils who finished their primary school, around 290,000
or 48.3%[iii]
will not continue with their post-primary education. Some possible
approaches to promote education of the youth and adults are important at
this level so as to counter the growing illiteracy levels and be able to
attain the education for all realization. Though there has been a
significant drop in illiteracy levels, the gap between female and male
enrolment and completion rates is wide. In 1995, the ratio of male to
female enrolment was 51:49 and a dropout rate of 35% and 60% for boys
and girls respectively[iv].
The high school-dropout rate among girls, poverty, early pregnancies,
early marriages and child labour have resulted to the increase in
illiteracy among women.
Although
between 2000 and 2004, illiteracy levels for women have been decreasing
greatly to 70.2% as compared to 60.8% in 1990, there is a possibility of
the trend reversing should there be no long-term mechanisms addressing
this situation. Major factors that hinder adult active participation in
literacy are as a result opportunistic effects of the increasing HIV/
AIDS prevalence rate, lack of long term government support, irrelevant
curriculum and methodologies of approaching adult education.
KALA has
been mobilising the community to support literacy and education for
women and youth. This support for women in economic activities and
income-generation enhances their achievement in not only literacy but
also in quality production and marketing. Education is important at all
levels. The difference is the methodology of promoting, adopting,
teaching and purpose.
ICAE WORLD
ASSEMBLY: any significance?
The
International Council of Adult Education World Assembly, 2007, is timely
in this context as it sets pace for the definition, achievements and
setbacks of the adult education in the world. As such, the ICAE World
Conference is definitely opening doors to the learners’ to exchange
their views and experiences and set the precedence for the understanding
the theory related to the Adult education programme.
The
holding of the Assembly in Nairobi is an important tool for seizing the
opportunity for showcasing the transition of the adult education
movement in Africa and the world because of:
-
It will
be the turning point for assessing adult education since the last
World Assembly in Ocho Rios, Jamaica in 2001. In this regard, it opens
a greater chance for which the African adult learners’ associations
and networks can initiate the programmes they have undertaken in their
own soil. It will enhance capacities of adult education (including
definition, methodology and purpose. this will again point out the
strategies to enhance and systematically create and promote collective
responsibilities in adult education.
-
The
Millennium Development Goals, Education For All Goals and Literacy
Decade will ‘expire’ on or before 2015. These strategies have been put
in place by the world community in order to enhance the capabilities
of the government, the civil societies and individuals on issues
related to HIV/AIDS, Poverty, Gender Promotion, Education, and
promoting a culture of peace and non-violence. The thematic issues in
which the meeting will focus on including:
i.Violence, Forced migration and Conflict management.
ii.HIV/AIDS and Health
iii.Environment
iv.Struggle Against Poverty
These
themes are important in this because it they are divergent issues in the
modern world and are part of adult education. The conference is a direct
relation in which adult education is a tool for contextual analysis in
addressing the modern issues.
Local ICAE
membership can promote these themes as well as the MDGs and EFA, at all
levels with a great need and enthusiasm so as to understand the concepts
from ‘freeing’ the world from the social bondage.
-
The
Assembly will close the gap between the developed and the developing
world in one forum to articulate critical perspectives with an aim
of understanding the values of adult learners in relationship to their
own world view.
-
The
World Social Forum also planned in January 2007m is an important tool
for devising strategies for promoting social empowerment. This is
regarded to as an important tool for underpinning the global imbalance
of the critical ideals in the global perspective.
CONCLUSION
Therefore,
the Kenyan adult education movement sees these factors as an
encouragement since the input of adult learners will be put in tandem
with the globalized world. KALA believes that the World Assembly and the
World Social Forum will integrate the ideas evolved into actual action
with the necessary support from the local partners and the political
good will. The voice of the adult learners in Africa will be heard once
again.
The
International Council for Adult Education has been on the forefront in
the support of adult learners all over the world. The systematic
approach is indeed a great leap in the uplifting the dignity of adult
learners who have been sidelined to the periphery owing to lack of
political commitment and interest in the promotion and support of adult
education.
The Kenyan
Adult Education will indeed showcase their projected belief in the
struggle against the social injustices which are culminations of
illiteracy.
[v]Endnotes
[i]
Global Monitoring Report 2006
[ii]
ibid
[iii]
Ministry of Education Statistics, 2005
[iv]
Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development
Statistics ,1995
[v]
Hi everybody,
Continuing with the exchange about the best slogan or name for ICAE
World Assembly, and the themes to be dealt with, I enclose the comments
of Sturla and Astrid from Norway.
We keep in touch.
Cecilia Fernandez
Inputs by Sturla
Bjerkaker
To Gigi’s proposals: You hit our present discussion in
Norway quite good. What is happening to voluntarism in the context of
adult learning? We find our self “swimming” in the river delta between
the landscape of (formal, organised) education and the landscape of
culture and informal learning. We feel a tension between the
instrumental and the existential view on learning. But anyhow; I think –
at least at the moment – that “lifelong learning and voluntary service”
is too narrow as a main and overall team for the Nairobi meeting. But it
could very much be a part of it, and I would be happy o take part in
discussions around this.
Sturla
To my friend Bob:
It’s a good slogan, but a bit to religious for me… Don’t you think we
have to play with the big ones with another language? (But not war
terminology!)
Sturla
Or: "Dialogue for Justice, Gender and Citizenship", or
maybe better "Dialogue for Learning and Democracy" - to pursue a little
the idea of my distingushed colleague here.
Astrid
Dear All,
We would like to thank Britten for her message, and we take the
opportunity to thank also all of those who have let us know that they are
following the reading with interest although they have not being able to
participate actively in this virtual exchange.
Cecilia Fernandez
Message by
Britten Mansson- Wallin
Hello !
I´m participant in the virtual ICAE seminar but I have not yet
participated myself.
My sector, folkbildning (popular education) have got a proposal for new
governmental policies and we are now very busy to discuss the proposals
before the parliament will decide.
It´s impossible for me to take active part in the virtual seminar. It´s
not a question of interest just luck of time.
Best regards
Britten Månsson-Wallin
Secretary General
Folkbildningsrådet
Box 730
101 34 Stockholm
Tel: +46 8 412 48 05
Mobil: +46 70 595 38 18
Inputs by Celia Eccher
Hello to all our friends
I experienced the same as many of you, following the seminar in the short
time that we were able to find in-between the various activities we had in
Nairobi.
This virtual seminar has allowed us to identify a series of leading ideas
and a wealth of reflections that come from the many participants and show
our diversity. I also know that diversity becomes even wider with all
those people who have followed the seminar carefully but were not able to
participate due to different reasons.
I like it very much when Alan talks about funding, this is very important.
Funding the Assembly requires an extra effort and its success will depend
not just on those of us who are in charge of this task but on a collective
action.
In Nairobi we had conversations with our national and regional members and
we did very fruitful work. FEMNET will be our focal point. We have already
made several contacts in relation to funds to allow for participation at
the
Assembly. We have also selected some hotels we will be sending further
information about this soon- and done several negotiations and
arrangements.
We met several people, including Margaret Wambete, the coordinator of the
Network of Teachers Living with HIV and also treasurer of the Association
of Kenyan Educators. We have started planning with her a workshop for the
Assembly about HIV and Education. This workshop will be open to people
and organizations working on HIV, as far as we will try that all
activities include representatives from the various regions.
We also met Magdalene, from the Kenya Adult Learners' Association. We
discussed with her the possibility of registering a workshop at the WSF on
Associations of Learners, so as to broaden the number of people who could
participate at this workshop. We have as well started planning the
education block for the opening march at the WSF.
It is clear that many activities are starting to take shape and pave the
way towards our World Assembly.
Among the activities already planned, I mention the following:
In May, in Berlin, the Executive Council of ICAE will meet, within the
framework of the VHS Tag (Folk High School Day) and we will have the
opportunity to exchange ideas and move forward in the preparatory process
with participants from all over the world.
In June, in Montevideo, a seminar will take place about the new currents
on education for young and adult people, that will strengthen some of the
proposals made at this virtual seminar. EC Members and representatives
from almost all the regions will participate. It is being organized by
ICAE, REPEM, CEAAL, the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Social
Development and the Higher Council for Education of Uruguay.
In October, in China, ASPBAE, DVV and ICAE are promoting a meeting in
which we will be consolidating the preparations for Nairobi.
There is also the proposal of the Tanzanian Institute of Adult Education
in Dar es Salaam, to hold a seminar in Tanzania in order to commemorate
the 30 years of the first Assembly and Bud Hall has presented the idea of
this seminar.
We know that a meeting is planning to be held in the North American region.
We are inviting all regions that have not yet done it to organize various
activities so that the Assembly becomes the culmination of a process of
reflection and world proposals.
We still have a lot to do and to materialize but we are sure that among
all of us we will be able to have a big Assembly that will be
participatory from its very root and with a preparatory process that will
allow many more persons and
organizations to take part than the ones that will be able to be
physically present in Nairobi.
We will be in touch,
Celita
ICAE
International Council for Adult Education
Secretariat
Acevedo Díaz 1600 - Apto 1002
11200 Montevideo - Uruguay
Tel/fax: 005982 401 00 06
E-mail: icae@icae.org.uy
www.icae.org.uy
Hi everybody,
We are already at the end of our virtual exchange, still, we would like
to present the last proposal for our slogan sent by Joyce. We would like
to thank those who have sent proposals in this sense, and we take the
opportunity to present the complete list of suggestions received up to
this moment, on which we shall base our decision, at a future stage.
Cecilia Fernandez
Proposal by Joyce
Stalker
"Strategies for justice, gender and active
citizenship."
I am still wanting a proactive title for the Assembly.
Complete list of proposed names for
ICAE World Assembly
DIALOGUE: LEARNING DEMOCRATICALY FOR JUSTICE, GENDER
AND CITIZENSHIP.
"DIALOGUE FOR JUSTICE, GENDER AND CITIZENSHIP"
"DIALOGUE FOR LEARNING AND DEMOCRACY"
"LEARNING DEMOCRATICALY FOR JUSTICE, GENDER AND CITIZENSHIP"
"ICAE: MANY PARTNERS, ONE FUTURE"
"LEARNING TO LIVE ALL TOGETHER "
"CONSTRUCTING A WORLD FOR ALL "
"ONE WORLD, MULTIPLE FACES "
"GLOBALIZING JUSTICE AND PEACE FOR ALL"
"CITIZENS' EDUCATION FOR THE POST- NINE ELEVEN WORLD"
"STRATEGIES FOR JUSTICE, GENDER AND ACTIVE CITIZENSHIP"
Dear all,
I enclose the last two brief messages we have received and which fill
us with satisfaction as they ratify that the exchange we have been
holding has circulated among different spaces. We would like to thank
Bob Hill for sharing the inputs of the seminar with other colleagues,
at national level, and also to Sara Longwe for marking presence from
Zambia.
Cecilia Fernandez
*********************
I know you are not looking for votes or
consensus. I like Learning to Live Together rather than Learning to
Live All together which seems redundant. Also the title with Democracy
in it echoes the current woes of the U.S. and sounds like the
promotion of an ideology. I want to thank Dr. Bob Hill for inviting
those of us in the U.S. to participate in this wonderful, world dialog.
Dear Colleagues,
I've also been a passive follower of this informative virtue seminar.
Unfortunately I"m too tied up with prior commitments to play a
meaningful role!
Aluta!
Sara Longwe
Dear all,
In order to close the seminar we would like to share the comments of Ana
Laura Rivoir, who has helped us from the very beginning in thinking up
this exchange space, and is now providing this constructive feedback.
Cecilia Fernandez
Paper by Ana Laura
Rivoir
Dear friends,
It has been a pleasure for me to participate in this Virtual Seminar.
Although I am not part of ICAE, I have learnt a lot from this
organization, its challenges and problems, many of which I have found
familiar: lack of time, difficulties in exchanging, diversity and
heterogeneity of the problems to be dealt with when one has social
motivations, etc.
At the closing of this seminar, I would like to take the opportunity to
give you some impressions on the debate, and, above all, some ideas. I
have the impression that ICAE has an important trajectory, and has gone
through several stages which reflect its historic background and rich
experience. Many of the participants are proud of this and this is
good. This also translates into the need to change, to "make the leap".
In a network, a way of demonstrating this is through transformation. How?
In which dimension? Under which form? Those seem to be the questions
that arise. The importance of a better and more fluent communication is
vital. I believe that new technologies are most
helpful in this sense. This seminar is an example of this. I think that
if we take advantage of this possibility, ?new proximities? can be built.
The idea of a "virtual library" is an interesting proposal for the
exchange of experiences, to share knowledge and, why not, to produce new
knowledge on adult education.
Adult education is consolidating as a key element in our contemporary
world. Its different perspectives, approaches, methodologies, themes,
make it necessary to find a space for discussion, exchange and debate, a
meeting spot. But they also demand proposals. I think that ICAE has to
play a key role.Technologies can also contribute to the global-local
connection. I share this concern which several participants have raised.
To search for linking mechanisms is vital. Thus I believe that we have
to consider a meso or intermediate level. But this level cannot be a
bureaucratic step, an obstacle we must overcome. On the contrary, I mean
a facilitator, an articulation, a place, or dissemination node.
For example, a role that consists in retransmitting this seminar to
other colleagues, at local level ? either translating it or printing it.
This kind of initiatives can be used as a model for the organization
because they link to the grassroots ? they democratize ? and they also
enrich the organization in terms of contents, ideas, opinions that go
around, from global to local and viceversa.
An Assembly with several issues is foreseen. The tension between the
diversity of issues and the importance of prioritizing, without
impoverishing the aims or simplifying the purposes but also able to
concentrate efforts, find its own and specific issues so as to go deep
into them. To update its organizational structure increasing its
flexibility and democracy constitutes another important challenge. I
wish you a successful Assembly and I hope the outcome is good because
many people need your actions.
Regards
Ana Laura Rivoir
Closing remarks by
Paul Bélanger, ICAE President
We are extremely stimulated by the creative and
diversified participation to ICAE’s virtual seminar. Long standing
members and new members from all regions as well as non members linked
to various networks did join in this month long debate.
We discussed the meaning of the struggle for the right to learn of women
and men in today's context and the most relevant and effective advocacy
action to undertake. We debated on the changing role of ICAE and its
related networks and we proposed new forms of governance within civil
society. We suggested issues to be debated at the important coming World
Assembly, next January in Nairobi.
Participants agreed on some lines of actions and disagree on others.
Discussion took place, with different points of view, on future
priorities for the movement. Criticism was made both on current ways of
functioning as well on too rapid interpretations given on reasons for
silence by some members. A refocusing of our agenda regarding the
ambiguous MDG UN operations was requested by some. The urgency for the
adult education movements to work transversally with the World Social
Forum was highlighted by some participants, while other groups insisted
on the ongoing mobilization of adult learners.
I need to thank all of you. However the best way to do so will be to
study carefully all contributions and propose, during the coming months,
emerging trends for the governance of ICAE, for the program of the
coming World Assembly and, more generally, for the needed shift in
advocacy strategy, taking into account the changing scene at world and
regional levels.
Allow me to thank, in particular, Cecilia in Montevideo for ensuring so
efficiently a continuous and effective flow of information among all of
us dispersed in all world regions.
À bientôt,
Paul Bélanger
Dear all,
We have reached the end of the Virtual Seminar and we really believe
that we have taken a first step towards "Paving the way for ICAE World
Assembly in Nairobi 2007". We now will start a new organizational stage
building on ideas that came up during the seminar.
We think that we have reached the objective that we have set of having a
first participation space in the preparatory process towards ICAE World
Assembly. This was possible thanks to all your contributions, to the
contributions of those colleagues who prepared papers specially for this
occasion, and also of colleagues from other networks who generously have
shared with us their experiences.
We have also opened a space for reflection "on global networks, their
functions and challenges in the present global context, incorporating
new perspectives, experiences and lessons learnt". This has motivated us
to continue learning and has generated new questions that will no doubt
lead to new reflections.
As a result of the seminar we also have a list of topics, proposed with
a high level of agreement, and that constitute the basis to elaborate a
very interesting program for the Assembly. If we can organize working
commissions around some of these topics, we will be able to make our
meeting in Nairobi more fruitful. We also have a set of proposals for
the name of the Assembly and this will guide us to arrive to a slogan
with which all of us could identify and that can reflect our actions for
the future.
On behalf of Paul Belanger, Celita Eccher and ourselves, we want to send
special thanks to Cecilia Alemany, David Archer, Ximena Machicao, Kumi
Naidoo and Henry Valot for the contributions they sent to our discussion
based on the experiences of their own networks. We also want to thank
Bob Hill, Babacar Diop Buuba and Raul Leis who supported this initiative
and contributed with the global analysis from their regional
perspectives.
Thanks also to all those who participated in one way or another during
these four weeks including ICAE national members, financial committee
members, GEO team, IALLA graduates and friends of the educational
movement : Imelda Arana, Sofia Valdivielso, Berni Brady, Salma Maoulidi,
Hortencia Coronel, Joyce Stalker, Inayatullah, Carol Añonuevo, Budd Hall,
Sturla Bjerkaker , Prakash Bhattarai, Yoko ARAI, Fanny Gómez, Nazir
Ahmad Ghazi, Ana Agostino, Gigi Francisco, Marta Benavides, Darlene
Clover, Dr. Vida A. Mohorcic Spolar, Alejandra Scampini, Alan Tuckett,
Magdalene Gathoni Motsi and Solomon Mburu Kamau, Astrid Thoner, Nolan
Bob, Britten Månsson-Wallin, and Sara Longwe.
We want to thank as well all those who followed the seminar by reading
it and sent us supporting messages to encourage us to continue with the
exchange.
Finally, we want to say a very special thank you to Jeanine Anderson and
Ana Laura Rivoir who supported us from the very beginning in order to
think and organize the seminar, and sent us their regular inputs which
helped us improve on the way.
Another Education and Lifelong Learning is possible, for a better world!
Cecilia Fernandez
|